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What is a shell? the shell is a program (command interpreter) that bridges the user's operating system in kernel (the core of the operating system), usually a shell providing prompt as the user interface, where users type the desired commands in the form of an internal shell command (internal command), execution of a command or program file (an external command), but it lets the user compose a set of shell commands on one or more files to be executed as a program.

Shell programming is compiling or group multiple shell commands (internal or external command) into a set of commands that perform specific tasks in accordance constituent goals. Excess shell in Linux than other operating systems is that in linux shell allows us to construct a series of commands as well as the programming language. Process I / O, select conditions, loops, making the functions are the processes that are generally carried out by a programming language.